2023年10月19日雅思閱讀考試真題及答案（請問2023年雅思考試題型）

2023年10月19日雅思閱讀考試真題及答案（請問2023年雅思考試題型）很多朋友對這方面很關(guān)心，大學(xué)路整理了相關(guān)文章，供大家參考，一起來看一下吧！

本文目錄一覽：

• 1、2023年10月19日雅思閱讀考試真題及答案
• 2、請問2023年雅思考試題型
• 3、2023年劍橋雅思閱讀真題解析：Thomas Young

2023年10月19日雅思閱讀考試真題及答案

您好，我是專注留學(xué)考試規(guī)劃和留學(xué)咨詢的小鐘老師。在追尋留學(xué)夢想的路上，選擇合適的學(xué)校和專業(yè)，準(zhǔn)備相關(guān)考試，都可能讓人感到迷茫和困擾。作為一名有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的留學(xué)顧問，我在此為您提供全方位的專業(yè)咨詢和指導(dǎo)。歡迎隨時(shí)提問！
上周末完成的雅思考試，相信大家都對真題和答案很感興趣，那么今天就來和小鐘老師一起來看看2023年10月19日雅思閱讀考試真題及答案。
Section1
青春期能力發(fā)展（重復(fù)19年4月13日第一篇文章，考試文章和部分題目稍有改動，真題僅供參考）
Section2
蜜蜂對于生態(tài)的重要性
Section3
可以參考：歷史教學(xué)新方法 New Ways of Teaching History
New Ways of Teaching History
In a technology and media-driven world， it＇s becoming increasinglydifficult to get our students’attentions andkeep them absorbed in classroom discussions. This generation， in particular，has brought a unique set of challenges to the educational table. Whereas youthare easily enraptured by high-definition television， computers， iPods， videogames and cell phones， they are less than enthralled by what to them areobsolete textbooks and boring classroom lectures. The question of how to teachhistory in a digital age is often contentious. On the one side， the old guardthinks the professional standards history is in mortal danger fromflash-in-the-pan challenges by the distal that are all show and no the other Side， the self-styled“disruptors”offer over-blown rhetoric about how digital technology has changedeverything while the moribund profession obstructs all progress in the name ofoutdated ideals. At least， that＇s a parody （maybe not much of one） of how thedebate proceeds. Both supporters and opponents of the digital share moredisciplinary common ground than either admits.
When provided with merely a textbook as a supplemental learning tool， testresults have revealed that most students fail to pinpoint the significance ofhistorical events and individuals. Fewer still are able to cite andsubstantiate primary historical sources. What does this say about the way oureducators are presenting information？ The quotation comes from a report of a1917 test of 668 Texas students. Less than 10 percent of school-age childrenattended high school in 1917； today， enrollments are nearly universal. Thewhole world has turned on its head during the last century but one thing hasstayed the same： Young people remain woefully ignorant about history reflectedfrom their history tests. Guess what？ Historians are ignorant too， especiallywhen we equate historical knowledge with the ＂Jeopardy＂ Daily a test， those specializing in American history did just fine. But those withspecialties in medieval， European and African history failed miserably whenconfronted by items about Fort Ticonderoga， the Olive Branch Petition， or theQuebec Act—all taken from a typical textbook. According to thetesters， the results from the recent National Asses*ent in History， likescores from earlier tests， show that young people are ＂aby*allyignorant＂ of their own history. Invoking the tragedy of last September，historian Diane Ravitch hitched her worries about our future to the idea thatour nation＇s strength is endangered by youth who do poorly on such tests. Butif she were correct， we could have gone down the tubes in 1917！
There is a huge difference between saying ＂Kids don’t know the history we want then to know＂ and saying ＂Kids don＇tknow history at all.＂ Historical knowledge burrows itself into ourcultural pores even if young people can＇t marshal it when faced by a multiplechoice test. If we weren’t such hypocrites（or maybe if we were better historians） we＇d have to admit that today＇sstudents follow in our own footsteps. For too long we＇ve fantasized that byrewriting textbooks we could change how history is learned. The problem，however， is not the content of textbooks but the very idea of them. No humanmind could retain the information crammed into these books in 1917， and it cando no better now. If we have learned anything from history that can be appliedto every time period， it is that the only constant is change. The teaching ofhistory， or any subject for that matter， is no exception. The question is nolonger whether to bring new technologies into everyday education； now， thequestion is which There is a huge difference between saying ＂Kids don’t know the history we want then to know＂ and saying ＂Kids don＇tknow history at all.＂ Historical knowledge burrows itself into ourcultural pores even if young people can＇t marshal it when faced by a multiplechoice test. If we weren’t such hypocrites（or maybe if we were better historians） we＇d have to admit that today＇sstudents follow in our own footsteps. For too long we＇ve fantasized that byrewriting textbooks we could change how history is learned. The problem，however， is not the content of textbooks but the very idea of them. No humanmind could retain the information crammed into these books in 1917， and it cando no better now. If we have learned anything from history that can be appliedto every time period， it is that the only constant is change. The teaching ofhistory， or any subject for that matter， is no exception. The question is nolonger whether to bring new technologies into everyday education； now， thequestion is which technologies are most suitable for the range of topicscovered in junior high and high school history classrooms. Fortunately，technology has provided us with opportunities to present our Civil War lessonplans or our American Revolution lesson plans in a variety of new ways.
Teachers can easily target and engage the learners of this generation byeffectively combining the study of history with innovative multimedia- PowerPointand presentations in particular can expand the scope of traditional classroomdiscussion by helping teachers to explain abstract concepts while accommodatingstudents* unique learning styles. PowerPoint study units that have beenpre-made for history classrooms include all manner of photos， prints， maps，audio clips， video clips and primary sources which help to make learninginteractive and stimulating. Presenting lessons in these enticing formats helpstechnology-driven students retain the historical information they＇ll need toknow for standard exams.
Whether you are covering Revolutionary War lesson plans or World War IIlesson plans， PowerPoint study units are available in formats to suit the needsof your classroom. Multimedia teaching instruments like PowerPoint software aregetting positive results the world over， framing conventional lectures withcaptivating written， auditory and visual content that helps students recallnames， dates and causal relationships within a historical context.
History continues to show us that new times bring new realities. Educationis no exception to the rule. The question is not whether to bring technologyinto the educational environment. Rather， the question is which technologiesare suitable for U.S. and world history subjects， from Civil War lesson plansto World War II lesson plans. Whether you’re covering your American Revolution lesson plans or your Cold War lessonplans， PowerPoint presentations are available in pre-packaged formats to suityour classroom＇s needs.
Meanwhile， some academic historians hold a different view on the use oftechnology in teaching history. One reason they hold is that not all facts canbe recorded by film or videos and literature is relatively feasible in thiscase her challenge they have to be faced with is the painful process tolearn new technology like the making of PowerPoint and the editing of audio andvideo clips which is also reasonable especially to some elderly historians.
Question
Reading this passage has eight paragraphs， A- G
Choosing the correct heading for paragraphs A- G from the list of headingbelow
Write the appropriate number， i- x， in boxes 28-34 on your answer sheet
List of Headings
i unavoidable changing facts to be considered when picking up technologymeans
ii A debatable place where the new technologies stand in for historyteaching
iii Hard to attract students in traditional ways of teaching history
iv Display of the use of emerging multimedia as leaching tools
v Both students and professionals as candidates did not produce decentresults
vi A good concrete example illustrated to show how multimedia animates thehistory class
vii The comparisons of the new technologies applied in history class
viii Enormous breakthroughs in new technologies
ix Resistance of using new technologies from certain historian
x Decisions needed on which technique to be used for history teachinginstead of improvement in the textbooks
28 Paragraph A
29 Paragraph B
30 Paragraph C
31 Paragraph D
32 Paragraph E
33 Paragraph F
34 Paragraph G
Question 35-37
Do the following statements agree with the information given in ReadingPassage？
In boxes 35-37 on your answer sheet， write
YES if the statement is true
NO if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
35 Modem people are belter at memorizing historical information comparedwith their ancestors.
36 New technologies applied in history- teaching are more vivid forstudents to memorize the details of historical events.
37 Conventional ways like literature arc gradually out of fashion as timegoes by.
Question 38-40
Complete the following summary of the paragraphs of Reading Passage， usingmore than three words from the Reading Passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet.
Contemporary students can be aimed at without many difficulties byintegrating studying history with novel. ..38.... Conventional classroomdiscussion is specially extended by two ways to assist the teachers tointerpret ...39... and at the same time retain students＇ distinct learningmodes. PowerPoint study units prepared beforehand comprising a wide variety ofelements make ...40.... learning feasible. Combined classes like this can alsobe helpful in taking required tests.

希望以上的答復(fù)能對您的留學(xué)申請有所幫助。如果您有任何更詳細(xì)的問題或需要進(jìn)一步的協(xié)助，我強(qiáng)烈推薦您訪問我們的留學(xué)官方網(wǎng)站 ，在那里您可以找到更多專業(yè)的留學(xué)考試規(guī)劃和留學(xué)資料以及*的咨詢服務(wù)。祝您留學(xué)申請順利！

請問2023年雅思考試題型

您好，我是專注留學(xué)考試規(guī)劃和留學(xué)咨詢的小鐘老師。選擇留學(xué)是人生重要的決策之一，而作為您的指導(dǎo)，我非常高興能為您提供最準(zhǔn)確的留學(xué)解答和規(guī)劃。無論您的問題是關(guān)于考試準(zhǔn)備、專業(yè)選擇、申請流程還是學(xué)校信息，我都在這里為您解答。更多留學(xué)資訊和學(xué)校招生介紹，歡迎隨時(shí)訪問。
雅思考試(國際英語語言測試系統(tǒng))是聽說讀寫四項(xiàng)英語交流能力的測試。它是為那些打算在以英語作為交流語言的國家或地區(qū)學(xué)習(xí)或工作的人們設(shè)置的英語語言水平考試。下面是小鐘老師為大家整理的2023年雅思考試內(nèi)容及題型解析，歡迎參考。
雅思考試題型介紹
1.題型：按照考試順序來說吧。
(1)雅思考試分為聽力、閱讀、寫作和口語四部分。聽力有四個(gè)section，分別為兩個(gè)對話，兩個(gè)獨(dú)白，每個(gè)section只讀一遍，難度依次遞增。考試時(shí)間為半個(gè)小時(shí)，有單獨(dú)的10分鐘作為將答案謄寫在答題紙上的時(shí)間，即一共40分鐘。
(2)閱讀有三篇文章，考試時(shí)間為一個(gè)小時(shí)，沒有專門謄寫答案時(shí)間。
(3)寫作分為兩個(gè)task，task1是小作文，要求考生根據(jù)題目所給出的圖示寫一篇描述性的文章，150字左右，task2是大作文，題目給出一個(gè)論題，要求考生根據(jù)題目要求寫一篇論屬性的文章，250字左右，考試時(shí)間一個(gè)小時(shí)。
(4)口語跟其他三項(xiàng)考試不在一個(gè)時(shí)間，具體時(shí)間安排會在報(bào)名網(wǎng)站上登錄后的“我的狀態(tài)”中公布，公布時(shí)間大約在筆試時(shí)間的前兩天?？荚嚨臅r(shí)候是*與考官交流，問題包括對自己的介紹，相關(guān)的熱門話題等等，可以經(jīng)常登錄環(huán)球雅思王陸老師的博客看看最新的口語預(yù)測，非常準(zhǔn)，我13號考試的所有題目都囊括在她的預(yù)測之中。
2.復(fù)習(xí)的時(shí)候主要在作文和口語，據(jù)我所知，雅思考試中一般聽力和閱讀分?jǐn)?shù)要高于作文和口語的分?jǐn)?shù)，而雅思考試的總成績是按照4項(xiàng)成績的均分計(jì)算的(也不完全是平均分，簡單舉個(gè)例子說明，比如說平均分5，25，那你最后的成績應(yīng)該是5.5;平均分5.75，最后成績是6)，所以這兩項(xiàng)很容易拉分，應(yīng)該多注意復(fù)習(xí)。
3.一套雅思試題，這個(gè)直接給你粘過來不太容易，因?yàn)榫W(wǎng)上有的全都是pdf文件格式，直接用粘貼的會有很多錯(cuò)誤，雅思真題只有兩個(gè)途徑可以獲得。
一是*劍橋雅思系列，現(xiàn)在一共有1-6冊，全部都是考過的真題，很權(quán)威，是考雅思的必做書目，非常重要!!!二是到各大雅思論壇上下載劍橋雅思系列，都是pdf文件，還可以省下*書錢，就是做題時(shí)候費(fèi)點(diǎn)勁，或者你也可以打印。近期的就是劍橋雅思6了。貌似有人說已經(jīng)出7了，我是9月13號考的，我考以前還沒出，所以不知道是不是真的。
出名的雅思論壇有(而且非常有幫助的)3g雅思論壇，無憂雅思論壇，在百度上輸入搜索一下就可以了。
4.現(xiàn)在還有一個(gè)月時(shí)間考試，最主要的就是做劍橋雅思系列，熟悉題型，劍橋5和6最接近現(xiàn)在考試的方向，所以重點(diǎn)也在這兩本，要把它認(rèn)真研究，前面的1-4就要用作練習(xí)材料，練習(xí)作提的熟練度。
5.雅思5.5的水平真的很容易得，應(yīng)該有4級水平就差不多了，高中生也差不多能拿到，6.5是六級水平。這里再詳細(xì)說明一下，以閱讀為例，一共40個(gè)題，對22-26個(gè)就差不多是5.5.
6.輔導(dǎo)別人來說，首先還是一定要做完劍橋雅思(這里再重申一下，這幾本真題集必須要做，非常重要!)，如果真的認(rèn)真做了，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)有很多規(guī)律可循，尤其是聽力，一般答案的部分都會有語氣轉(zhuǎn)折或是放慢的現(xiàn)象。
7.3g論壇上的雅思考前聽力預(yù)測很準(zhǔn)，如果在聽力中有舊題出現(xiàn)，初步多全部都能預(yù)測正確，非常有用?？梢栽诳记瓣P(guān)注一下。需要下載聽力機(jī)經(jīng)，而且是3g的機(jī)經(jīng)，都在各版面的置頂，很好找。
雅思考試題型特點(diǎn)
1、IELTS考試的聽力部分(40分鐘)
聽力部分 (30分鐘聽錄音，10分鐘謄寫答案)
聽力通常有四段錄音，四十個(gè)問題，考試內(nèi)容以大量的真實(shí)的語言環(huán)境為素材，前兩段內(nèi)容涉及一般生活及社會形態(tài)、人際關(guān)系等，后兩段則涉及教育性、學(xué)術(shù)性、世界性等的內(nèi)容。 考生需根據(jù)聽到的錄音內(nèi)容回答四十個(gè)問題，題型為多項(xiàng)選擇，填空，完成句子等，考生只能聽一次錄音，不能重復(fù)。因此，考生在聽讀的同時(shí)，還要邊寫。
題型剖析
1.Multiple choice (多項(xiàng)選擇題) ，即要求考生從題目中給出的選擇題中選 出一個(gè)或多個(gè)正確答案；
2.Short-answer question (簡答題) ，即要求考生用幾個(gè)單詞或短語回答問題，通常一道題允許有多個(gè)類似答案均可；
3.Sunstone compilation (完成句子題)，即要求考生補(bǔ)充題目中缺漏部分，即填空；
4.notes /summary/diagram/ flow chart/table complication 完成備忘錄/摘要/圖表/流程圖/表格；
5.beling a diagram which has numbered parts (圖表選擇題)；
6.Classification (舊類題)；
7.Matching (配對題)。
測試要點(diǎn)
1. 仔細(xì)閱讀試題指導(dǎo)和所有的問題。
2. 快速分析所有答案選項(xiàng)。
3.聽懂大概的信息。
4.聽清具體的信息。
5.邊聽邊寫。
6.預(yù)測可能的答案。
7.排除不可能的答案。
8.仔細(xì)聽關(guān)鍵詞和詞組。
9.聽力答案經(jīng)常被強(qiáng)調(diào)或重復(fù)。
10.多做練習(xí)，熟悉題型。
特點(diǎn)是多項(xiàng)選擇題數(shù)量很少，且以在數(shù)個(gè)圖(而不是在數(shù)行文字)中選擇為主。比如在一段聽力對話中，A告訴B要在某個(gè)銀行門口約會，并描述赴約的路線。四個(gè)選擇分別是四個(gè)街區(qū)平面圖，在每個(gè)圖中銀行所處的位置不同，要求考生根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容指出哪一幅圖是對話中所描述的圖。
大部分題不是多項(xiàng)選擇題，要由考根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容填空。比如，考生要答出錄音中描述的某個(gè)事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)。再比如，考生要根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容簡要回答WHICH，WHAT，WHY，WHO等問題。很多考生的一個(gè)共同困難是，不僅要邊聽邊讀，還要邊寫。如果沒有做過大量的針對性很強(qiáng)的練習(xí)，又不熟悉這種聽力考試的形式，要想獲得理想的分?jǐn)?shù)是比較困難的。這一部分共有40道題左右。
2、IELTS考試的閱讀部分(60分鐘)。
由三至四篇文章構(gòu)成，有40個(gè)左右的問題。它的最大特點(diǎn)是大部分題不是傳統(tǒng)的多項(xiàng)選擇題。比如，試題中的一篇文章有8段，問題中列出12個(gè)小標(biāo)題，要求考生根據(jù)每段的內(nèi)容從12個(gè)小標(biāo)題中挑出本段的小標(biāo)題。再比如，文章描述某一過程 (如打撈沉船)，要求考生把問題中列出的若干個(gè)步驟按其在過程中的先后順序排序。
試題還可能要求考生從列出的十幾個(gè)單詞、詞組中選擇正確答案填入一篇短文，其中一部分詞或詞組為干擾性選擇，答題時(shí)有時(shí)還需參考試題中的另一篇文章。由于干擾因素很多，猜對的可能性幾乎為零。IELTS考試閱讀部分與其他閱讀考試的另一重大區(qū)別是，IELTS考試不僅不含語法和詞匯題，反而可能會列出若干關(guān)鍵詞和定義，以幫助考生更好地理解。
題型剖析
1. Multiple choice (多項(xiàng)選擇題) ，即要求考生從題目中給出的選擇題中選 出一個(gè)或多個(gè)正確答案;
2. Short-answer question (簡答題) ，即要求考生用幾個(gè)單詞或短語回答問題，通常一道題允許有多個(gè)類似答案均可
3.Sunstone compilation (完成句子題)，即要求考生補(bǔ)充題目中缺漏部分，即填空
4.notes /summary/diagram/ flow chart/table complication 完成備忘錄/摘要/圖表/流程圖/表格
5.choosing from a "heading bank" for identified paragraphs/sections of the text(標(biāo)題對應(yīng)題)
6. Identifacation of writer's view/attitudes/claims-yes, no or not given(判斷對錯(cuò)題)
7. Classification(歸類題)
8.Matching lists/phasas(匹配題)
測試要點(diǎn)
1. 針對題目看文章。

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2023年劍橋雅思閱讀真題解析：Thomas Young

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對于雅思考生來說，劍橋雅思閱讀題難不難？下面就和小鐘老師一起來看看2023年劍橋雅思閱讀真題解析：Thomas Young。

Thomas Young
The Last True Know-It-All
A Thomas Young （1773-1829） contributed 63 articles to the Encyclopedia Britannica， including 46 biographical entries （mostly on scientists and classicists） and substantial essays on ＂Bridge，” ＂Chromatics，＂ ＂Egypt，＂ ＂Languages＂ and ＂Tides＂. Was someone who could write authoritatively about so many subjects a polymath， a genius or a dilettante？ In an ambitious new biography， Andrew Robinson argues that Young is a good contender for the epitaph ＂the last man who knew everything.＂ Young has competition， however： The phrase， which Robinson takes for his title， also serves as the subtitle of two other recent biographies： Leonard Warren＇s 1998 life of paleontologist Joseph Leidy （1823-1891） and Paula Findlen＇s 2023 book on Athanasius Kircher （1602-1680）， another polymath.
B Young， of course， did more than write encyclopedia entries. He presented his first paper to the Royal Society of London at the age of 20 and was elected a Fellow a week after his 21st birthday. In the paper， Young explained the process of accommodation in the human eye on how the eye focuses properly on objects at varying distances. Young hypothesized that this was achieved by changes in the shape of the lens. Young also theorized that light traveled in waves and he believed that， to account for the ability to see in color， there must be three receptors in the eye corresponding to the three ＂principal colors＂ to which the retina could respond： red， green， violet. All these hypothesis were subsequently proved to be correct.
C Later in his life， when he was in his forties， Young was instrumental in cracking the code that unlocked the unknown script on the Rosetta Stone， a tablet that was ＂found＂ in Egypt by the Napoleonic army in 1799. The stone contains text in three alphabets： Greek， something unrecognizable and Egyptian hieroglyphs. The unrecognizable script is now known as demotic and， as Young deduced， is related directly to hieroglyphic. His initial work on this appeared in his Britannica entry on Egypt. In another entry， he coined the term Indo-European to describe the family of languages spoken throughout most of Europe and northern India. These are the landmark achievements of a man who was a child prodigy and who， unlike many remarkable children， did not disappear into oblivion as an *.
D Born in 1773 in Somerset in England， Young lived from an early age with his maternal grandfather， eventually leaving to attend boarding school. He haddevoured books from the age of two， and through his own initiative he excelled at Latin， Greek， mathematics and natural philosophy. After leaving school， he was greatly encouraged by his mother＇s uncle， Richard Brocklesby， a physician and Fellow of the Royal Society. Following Brocklesby＇s lead， Young decided to pursue a career in medicine. He studied in London， following the medical circuit， and then moved on to more formal education in Edinburgh， Gottingen and Cambridge. After completing his medical training at the University of Cambridge in 1808， Young set up practice as a physician in London. He soon became a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and a few years later was appointed physician at St. George＇s Hospital.
E Young＇s skill as a physician， however， did not equal his skill as a scholar of natural philosophy or linguistics. Earlier， in 1801， he had been appointed to a professorship of natural philosophy at the Royal Institution， where he delivered as many as 60 lectures in a year. These were published in two volumes in 1807. In 1804 Young had become secretary to the Royal Society， a post he would hold until his death. His opinions were sought on civic and national matters， such as the introduction of gas lighting to London and methods of ship construction. From 1819 he was superintendent of the Nautical Almanac and secretary to the Board of Longitude. From 1824 to 1829 he was physician to and inspector of calculations for the Palladian Insurance Company. Between 1816 and 1825 he contributed his many and various entries to the Encyclopedia Britannica， and throughout his career he authored numerous books， essays and papers.
F Young is a perfect subject for a biography - perfect， but daunting. Few men contributed so much to so many technical fields. Robinson＇s aim is to introduce non-scientists to Young＇s work and life. He succeeds， providing clear expositions of the technical material （especially that on optics and Egyptian hieroglyphs）. Some readers of this book will， like Robinson， find Young＇s accomplishments impressive； others will see him as some historians have - as a dilettante. Yet despite the rich material presented in this book， readers will not end up knowing Young personally. We catch glimpses of a playful Young， doodling Greek and Latin phrases in his notes on medical lectures and translating the verses that a young lady had written on the walls of a summerhouse into Greek elegiacs. Young was introduced into elite society， attended the theatre and learned to dance and play the flute. In addition， he was an accomplished horseman. However， his personal life looks pale next to his vibrant career and studies.
G Young married Eliza Maxwell in 1804， and according to Robinson， ＂their marriage was a happy one and she appreciated his work.＂ Almost all we know about her is that she sustained her husband through some rancorous disputes about optics and that she worried about money when his medical career was slow to take off. Very little evidence survives about the complexities of Young＇s relationships with his mother and father. Robinson does not credit them， or anyone else， with shaping Young＇s extraordinary mind. Despite the lack of details concerning Young＇s relationships， however， anyone interested in what it means to be a genius should read this book.
Questions 1-7
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1？
In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet， write
TRUE if the statement is true
FALSE if the statement is false
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
1 “The last man who knew everything” has also been claimed to other people.
2 All Young’s articles were published in Encyclopedia Britannica.
3 Like others， Young wasn＇t so brilliant when grew up.
4 Young＇s talents as a doctor are surpassing his other skills.
5 Young＇s advice was sought by people responsible for local and national issues.
6 Young was interested in various social pastimes.
7 Young suffered from a disease in his later years.
Questions 8-13
Answer the questions below.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.
8 How many life stories did Young write for Encyclopedia Britannica？
9 What aspect of scientific research did Young do in his first academic paper？
10 What name did Young introduce to refer to a group of languages？
11 Who inspired Young to start the medical studies？
12 Where did Young get a teaching position？
13 What contribution did Young make to London？
文章題目：
Thomas Young—The Last True Know-it All
托馬斯·楊——最后一個(gè)無所不知的人
篇章結(jié)構(gòu)
體裁人物傳記
題目托馬斯·楊——最后一個(gè)無所不知的人
結(jié)構(gòu)A段：托馬斯·楊對百科全書的主要成就
B段：托馬斯年輕時(shí)的主要成就
C段：托馬斯晚年的主要成就
D段：托馬斯童年的生活背景及成長經(jīng)歷
E段：托馬斯作為自然哲學(xué)學(xué)者取得的成就
F段： 托馬斯在其他領(lǐng)域的成就
G段：托馬斯的感情生活
試題分析
Question 1-7
題目類型：True / false /not given
題號定位詞文中對應(yīng)點(diǎn)題目解析
1Other peopleA段第四句“Young has competition， however： The phrase， which Robinson takes for his title， also serves as the subtitle of two other recent biographies： Leonard Warren＇s 1998 life of paleontologist Joseph Leidy （1823-1891） and Paula Findlen＇s 2023 book on Athanasius Kircher （1602-1680）， another polymath.”該句中明確給出了Young還有其他的競爭者，他們的傳記中也同樣擁有這樣的小標(biāo)題，分別是Leonard Warren寫的關(guān)于Joseph Leidy的傳記，以及 Paula Findlen＇s寫的關(guān)于Athanasius Kircher的傳記。
因此，本題答案為True
2all， articlesB段第一、二句B段第一句 “Young， of course， did more than write encyclopedia entries.”明確表示Young所做的遠(yuǎn)不僅僅是編輯大英百科全書的詞條，因此并不是所有的都在百科全書。而在本段第二句中，作者指出，Young在20歲的時(shí)候?qū)⒆约旱牡谝黄撐淖运]給倫敦皇家學(xué)會，并在一年后成為該學(xué)會的會員： He presented his first paper to the Royal Society of London at the age of 20 and was elected a Fellow a week after his 21st birthday。Paper與article為近意思。顯然，題干與原文含義相反。
因此，本題答案為False
3likeC段最后一句C段整體是在介紹Young晚年的主要成就，即Young長大后的成就。此外，在C段最后一句中，作者明確指出Young和其他的孩子不同的一點(diǎn)在于，Young并沒有像其他那些年少成名而后來江郎才盡的孩子一樣，他后來同樣取得了非凡的成就： These are the landmark achievements of a man who was a child prodigy and who， unlike many remarkable children， did not disappear into oblivion as an *.句中的unlike為like的反義詞，顯然題干與原文含義相反。
因此，本題答案為False
4surpassingD段第四、七句D段介紹了Young的成長背景和經(jīng)歷，同時(shí)體現(xiàn)出其涉獵范圍較為廣泛。其中第四句中提到Y(jié)oung決定學(xué)醫(yī)，并且在后面的介紹中指出Young還參加戲劇演出，學(xué)習(xí)跳舞和吹笛子： He then broke with his Quaker upbringing by attending the theater and learning to dance and play the flute. In addition， he was an accomplished horseman.而在第七句中作者指出Young還是一名杰出的馬術(shù)師。但是并未指出Young在哪個(gè)方面的造詣更高，更有天賦。Surpassing這個(gè)概念并沒有在文中體現(xiàn)。
因此，本題答案為Not Given
5soughtE段第四句“ His opinions were sought on civic and national matters”，文中表明Young的很多觀點(diǎn)關(guān)注人民和國家事務(wù)。題干與原文含義相同。
因此，本題答案為True
6Interested in， social pastimeF段第七句“We catch glimpses of a playful Young， doodling Greek and Latin phrases in his notes on medical lectures and translating the verses that a young lady had written on the walls of a summerhouse into Greek elegiacs.”文中指出，通過Young的醫(yī)學(xué)演講中亂寫的希臘字母和拉丁短語以及將一位年輕女性寫在涼亭上的詩歌翻譯成希臘挽歌便能看出他的幽默。顯然，Young對于這樣的社交娛樂是感興趣的。題干和原文相符合。
因此，本題答案為True
7disease， later yearsC段第一句，G段第一句C段第一句給出了“l(fā)ater in his life，”但是本段近講述了Young晚年在學(xué)術(shù)方面的成就；G段給出了Young的婚后生活，以及Robinson在書中并未提及Young與父母間的關(guān)系。但無論哪一個(gè)點(diǎn)都沒有提及其晚年飽受某種疾病之苦。
因此，本題答案為Not Given
題目類型：Short-answer question
8life storiesA段第一句“Thomas Young （1773-1829） contributed 63 articles to the Encyclopedia Britannica， including 46 biographical entries （mostly on scientists and classicists）…”該劇中的“biographical entries”指傳記詞條，與題干中的life stories表示相同涵義。
因此，本題答案為46
9first academic paperB段第三句“In the paper， on how the eye focuses properly on objects at varying distances， Young hypothesized that deformation of the crystalline lens accomplished the accommodation.”B段段首表明，Young將自己的第一篇論文自薦給了倫敦皇家學(xué)會學(xué)會。因此本段討論的是其第一篇論文。而本段第三句指出，在這篇論文中，Young主要討論了人類眼球的調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制
因此，本題答案為humaneye或human eye accommodation
10a group of languagesC段第五句“In another entry， he coined the term Indo-European to describe the family of languages spoken throughout most of Europe and northern India.”該句指出，Young創(chuàng)造了術(shù)語 Indo-European來描述在歐洲大部分地區(qū)以及北印度使用的語言。
因此，本題答案為Indo-European
11inspire， medical studiesD段第四句D段前面介紹了Young童年時(shí)期的生活背景。本段第四句中則指出：“Following Brocklesby＇s lead， Young decided to pursue a career in medicine.”。顯然，正是因?yàn)?Richard Brocklesby的引導(dǎo)，Young才決定在醫(yī)學(xué)方面有所建樹。
因此，本題答案為 Richard Brocklesby
12teaching positionE段第二句“ Earlier， in 1801， he had been appointed to a professorship of natural philosophy at the Royal Institution”，題干中的teaching position與E段第二句中的professorship均表示“教師職位”，該句明確指出，Young作為自然哲學(xué)的教授，受聘于英國科學(xué)研究所。
因此，本題答案為 Royal Institution
13LondonE段第五句“His opinions were sought on civic and national matters， such as the introduction of gas lighting to London and methods of ship construction.”E段主要介紹了Young作為自然哲學(xué)學(xué)者取得的成就。而第五句則列舉了Young的兩個(gè)成就，其對于倫敦的所做出的成就在于煤氣照明的引入。
因此，本題答案為gas lighting
A我們該怎樣理解托馬斯·楊（1773-1829）？他是《大不列顛百科全書》中63篇文章的作者，其中包括46篇傳記（大部分都是關(guān)于科學(xué)家和古典學(xué)者），和大量關(guān)于“橋” “色彩論” “埃及” “語吉” “潮汐”等的論文。一個(gè)能夠?qū)懗鲞@樣多有權(quán)威性文章的人應(yīng)該算是一個(gè)博學(xué)者？ 一個(gè)天才？還是一個(gè)業(yè)余興趣廣泛的人呢？在一篇關(guān)于他的比較激進(jìn)的傳記中，Andrew Robinson 認(rèn)為托馬斯楊是-位強(qiáng)有力的競爭者能夠配得這樣的墓志銘“是最后一個(gè)知道任何事的人”。但是楊也要面對競爭：因?yàn)檫@樣的傳記標(biāo)題Robinson不僅給了他，也作為副標(biāo)題給了有關(guān)另兩位學(xué)者的傳記：Lenard Warren 1998年著的《古生物學(xué)家Joseph Leipy的一生》（1823-1891）以及Paula Findlen 2023年著的關(guān)于另一位博學(xué)者Athanasius Kircher（1602-1680）的傳記。
B當(dāng)然楊的貢獻(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)不止寫了很多百科全書上的文章，他在20歲的時(shí)候?qū)⒆约旱牡谝黄撐淖运]給倫敦皇家學(xué)會，并在他的21歲生日后被評為一周科學(xué)人物，楊在該篇論文中解釋了人類眼睛的調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制一一關(guān)于眼睛如何通過不同的距離聚焦在物體上。在后面的文章中，他更加全面地探討了這個(gè)問題，類似牛頓，他在自己身上進(jìn)行了可怕的實(shí)驗(yàn)用以獲得相關(guān)的證據(jù)，他還得出這樣的理論：光是通過“以太”分子的振動，以波的形式進(jìn)行傳遞的，而“以太”是一種假想物質(zhì)，其存在還存在爭議性。他還認(rèn)為為了能看見顏色，必須要有3個(gè)感應(yīng)器對“三原色”進(jìn)行感應(yīng)，而這三種視網(wǎng)膜對其產(chǎn)生感應(yīng)的顏色就是紅，黃，藍(lán)二種顏色。
C在他人生的晚些時(shí)候，也就是40多歲的時(shí)候，楊試圖破解鎖在羅塞塔石碑里的未知文字密碼，這個(gè)石碑是在1799年在埃及被拿破侖的軍隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)的，并且從1802年起就在英國博物館進(jìn)行展出。該石碑上包含了 3種不同的字母：希臘語，不可辨識的文字以及埃及的象形文字。這種不可辨識的文字現(xiàn)在被認(rèn)為是正如楊所推斷的是很普通的，是和象形文字直接相關(guān)的。他最初有關(guān)這方面的工作首次出現(xiàn)在他在《大不列顛百科全書》中編纂的詞條。在另一個(gè)條目中，他創(chuàng)造了術(shù)語“Indo-European”來描述在歐洲大部分地區(qū)以及北印度使用的語言。這些都是這是這位從小就展露科學(xué)天賦并且不像很多孩子后來江郎才盡的科學(xué)家獲得的里程碑式的成就。
D托馬斯·楊出生在英國薩默塞特郡一個(gè)虔誠的教友會教徒家庭，從小和他的外公一起長大，最后去了寄宿學(xué)校。他兩歲的時(shí)候就博覽群書，并且自學(xué)熟練掌握了拉丁語，希臘語，數(shù)學(xué)以及哲學(xué)，在很大程度上他受到了舅舅Richard Brocklesby的鼓勵(lì)，他的舅舅也是英國皇家學(xué)會的一位內(nèi)科醫(yī)生。在Brocklesby的引導(dǎo)下，楊決定要在醫(yī)學(xué)方而有所建樹，他曾先后在倫敦大學(xué)、愛丁堡大學(xué)和格丁根大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)學(xué)，多虧了Brocklesby的引薦，楊進(jìn)入了英國皇家學(xué)會，他最后也打破了從小在教友會的教育，他參加戲劇演出，學(xué)習(xí)跳舞和吹笛子，此外，他還是一位杰出的馬術(shù)師。在1808年結(jié)束在劍橋大學(xué)的醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)后，楊在倫敦開了一家診所，很快他就成為皇家內(nèi)科醫(yī)生學(xué)會的一員，并且?guī)啄旰蟪蔀槭讨吾t(yī)院的一名內(nèi)科醫(yī)生。
E楊作為內(nèi)科醫(yī)生的醫(yī)術(shù)卻趕不上他作為自然哲學(xué)學(xué)者或是語言學(xué)家取得的成就，早在1801年，他已經(jīng)被任命為英國皇家學(xué)會的教授，他每年要在那里舉辦60場的講座。這些講座在1807年以兩本書的形式進(jìn)行出版。1804年楊就已經(jīng)成為英國朵家學(xué)會的秘書，而他獲此殊榮直至去世。他的很多觀點(diǎn)關(guān)注人民和國家事務(wù)，比如說在倫敦引進(jìn)煤氣照明和造船方法。從1819年起，他就是航海天文年歷的主要負(fù)責(zé)人，也是Board of Longitude的秘書。從1824年到1829年，他擔(dān)任Palladian 保險(xiǎn)公司的精算師和內(nèi)科醫(yī)生。在1816年和1825年間，他為《大不列顛百科全書》編纂了許多詞條，而且窮其一生著作，論文無數(shù)。
F我們通過楊在醫(yī)學(xué)課上胡亂寫的希臘字母和拉丁文短語以及他將一位年輕的女士寫在避暑山莊墻上的詩句翻譯成挽歌可以看出他的幽默，但是他的個(gè)人生活也因?yàn)樽约簩ぷ骱脱芯康娜橥度攵燥@蒼白。
G他在1804年和Eliza Maxwell結(jié)婚，據(jù)Robinson所述“他們的婚姻是幸福的，因?yàn)樗姆蛉诵蕾p他的工作”。我們對于他夫人的了解僅限于她在她丈夫備受一些關(guān)于眼睛的理論方面爭議的時(shí)候總是堅(jiān)定地支持他，并且當(dāng)他的醫(yī)學(xué)生涯開始慢慢起飛的時(shí)候，她開始有些擔(dān)心錢的問題。值得一提的是，楊沒有被保護(hù)的人，他都是和自己的導(dǎo)師進(jìn)行互動一一先是他的外公，后是Brocklesby一一還有先于他過失的一些偉人（其中很多是很著名的如牛頓，楊最早在17歲讀了他寫的書）。但是關(guān)于楊和他母親以及父親的關(guān)系的記述卻鮮力人知，Robinson在說到楊的非凡的頭腦時(shí)也并沒有將其歸功于他的父母，或許很難有這樣的巧合：過去的天才都是由于卓越的父母教育造就的。

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